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Types of Water Heater Anode Rod Issues & Steps to Fix
The components and elements of a water heater are frequently disregarded. However, you should be familiar with the parts of your water heater so that you can respond promptly when a problem arises. One of the most significant components of a water heater is the anode rod. To assist you in diagnosing problems with your water heater, we’ve explained the function of an anode rod. In addition, we have created a list of three different sorts of anode rod concerns and the actions you must take to repair a deteriorating rod.
At-a-Glance: Anode Rod Issues & Troubleshooting
| Issue Type | Main Cause | Recommended Action |
|---|---|---|
| Deterioration | Natural electrolysis process | Replace if core is exposed (>6 inches) |
| Rapid Corrosion | Water softeners / High mineral salt | Inspect every 12 months |
| Calcium Buildup | Hard water (Calcium Carbonate) | Wipe clean or replace rod |
What is an anode rod, and how does it work?
An anode rod is a steel wire coated with zinc, aluminum, or magnesium. Generally, it is about 4 feet long. It is affixed to the top of a water heater to keep rust from accumulating in the tank. It does this through a process called electrolysis. The anode rod should be submerged in water to attract rust and contaminants. This component pulls impurities from the water, preventing and stopping corrosion on the water tank’s inner steel walls. The metal rod’s self-sacrificial mechanism extends the water heater’s life by avoiding corrosion.
Common Problems With Anode Rods and Tips
Anode rods are expected to last three to five years, although this is mostly dependent on the quality of your water and how much water flows through your water heater. They might quit functioning for a variety of reasons. There are three sorts of difficulties that occur with anode rods.
Anode Rod deterioration
Deterioration is the most prevalent issue with an anode rod in a hot water heater. However, if the rod deteriorates and corrodes, it indicates that it is doing its function, which is why this is the most prevalent issue. If the steel wire in the rod’s core is exposed, it could be time to replace it. Anode rod corrosion begins at the top or bottom of the rod and progresses to the core. If there is more than 6 inches of degradation, replace it.
Soft Water with High Mineral Concentration
Water softener systems add softening chemicals to the water, such as phosphates and rock salt. While soft water may be favored by some, it can cause the water heater’s anode rod to corrode three times faster than hard water. It can even corrode the steel wire core of the tank, causing damage to both the hex head and the tank itself. If the anode rod is larger than ½ of its original diameter, it should be replaced.
Collection of Calcium Carbonate
Calcium carbonate can build up on the outside of a water heater’s anode rod. These white minerals protect the rod against corrosion. While this may be advantageous in other circumstances, the anode rod’s primary function is to corrode in order to keep the water tank safe. You may simply wipe away the calcium carbonate with a cloth.
How to Replace a deteriorated anode rod
Deactivate the water heater.
Before you do anything, turn off the electricity and water. Turn off the circuit breaker or the thermostat on a gas-powered water heater. Turn off the water by turning the valve on the cold water supply line. You may also turn off the water at the meter. Water meters are often positioned outside your home and are covered in a gray or brown lid.
Locate the Anode Rod
As previously stated, the water heater anode rod is located toward the top of your water heater. If you’re having difficulties finding it, see your water heater handbook. Alternatively, you may search up the model of your water heater online and view a schematic of it.
Drain the Water From the Hot Water Tank
The drain valve is located on the bottom of the water heater tank. Connect a garden house to this outlet, then extend it outdoors or to a drain. Drain around 10% of the water from the tank. If the anode rod is on the side of your tank, you may need to empty more water. To do this effectively, ensure that both the drain valve and the hot water valve are open. Many folks decide to dump the entire tank.
Disassemble the Anode Rod
The anode rod from the hot water heater may be taken out with a socket or boxed end wrench. Tightening the anode rod may help break it loose and facilitate removal before releasing it. It is not advisable to use penetrating fluids since they may taint the water and enter your water heater. Before you attempt to remove your water heater’s anode rod, be sure it is still in good condition. It still functions even when it is too large to remove from the water heater. If the water heater has totally corroded, it should be rather easy to remove.
Purchase and Install the New Rod
You can obtain a replacement anode rod at your local hardware store. Purchasing an aluminum rod rather than a magnesium rod may improve the life of your heater since metal conducts electricity more effectively. Insert the rod and rotate clockwise until it is impossible to turn by hand. Next, use a socket wrench to tighten it even further. Keep an eye on the water heater while working to ensure it does not spin or twist.
Activate the Water Heater
If the drain valve has not yet been closed, do it first, then turn on the cold water. Open the same hot water valve you used to drain the tank and run it until all of the air has been removed. As air exits the faucet, hissing and spitting sounds will be heard. Turn on the gas or electricity again and set the thermostat to the perfect temperature for the water.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should I check my water heater anode rod?
You should inspect your anode rod every 2 years, or once a year if you use a water softening system, as soft water accelerates corrosion.
Why does my hot water smell like sulfur?
A sulfur or rotten egg smell is often caused by bacteria reacting with the magnesium in the anode rod. Replacing it with an aluminum/zinc rod often fixes the odor.
Is an aluminum or magnesium anode rod better?
Magnesium is generally better for tank protection, but aluminum/zinc rods are preferred for hard water or to eliminate sulfur odors.
What is the average cost to replace an anode rod?
The part itself costs between $20-$50. Professional labor for replacement typically brings the total cost to $150-$300.
Can I replace the rod without draining the whole tank?
Yes, you only need to drain about 10-20% of the water so the level falls below the rod’s insertion point at the top of the tank.
Does a tankless water heater have an anode rod?
No. Tankless water heaters do not store water in a tank, so they do not require an anode rod for corrosion protection.
Chicago residents who need dependable and prompt water heater repair and maintenance services may count on Lifetime Plumbing. In addition, we offer a variety of emergency plumbing services, including sump pump installation and gas line replacement. Contact our Chicago Plumbers at (773) 595-1867 for water heater repair.
